Changing Our Way of Farming




By Amanda Ramos

                Agriculture has become the main problem as to why fields have had high rates of runoff and soil loss. Farming practices that prevent vegetation from growing on crop fields have made soil erosion a major problem on the Mediterranean where apricot orchards are grown. Finding a less damaging method to the land when growing these crops was needed to prevent the erosion. To reduce the amount of soil erosion a test was conducted with three different land managements; Tillage, herbicide, and land covered with vegetation. They were tested with simulated rainfall at 55 mm h−1 for one hour on 0.25 m2 circular plots. The outcome of the soil erosion for herbicide plots were unquestionably higher than the other two ways of managing. Herbicide plots resulted in 0.91 Mg ha−1 h−1 of lost soil due to erosion. For the tilled fields the rate of erosion was less than 0.51 Mg ha−1 h−1 and for the covered soil fields the erosion rate was 0.02 Mg ha−1 h−1.  As seen in the graph below there is a big difference from covered plots and traditional tilled fields. Making it evident that managing fields by the herbicide method should be used less. The traditional method used on the land tillage still had a higher rate of erosion. Not only did the covered field plots have the least amount of erosion rates but the erosion rate was minimal. Making the covered plots the ideal method for growing crops in the Mediterranean. So, in conclusion fields should be left with surrounding vegetation to reduce soil erosion. This research not only helped find a solution for the Mediterranean land but can also be the solution for crop fields around the world.





         
        




                                                                 Reference

Keesstra, S., P. Pereira, A. Novara, E.C. Brevik, C. Azorin-Molina, L. Parras-Alcántara, A. Jordán, and A. Cerdà. 2016. Effects of soil management techniques on soil water erosion in apricot orchards. Sci. Total Environ. 551-552: 357–366.

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